
What Good Red Companies Do To Grow 83
cut costs, restructured, and upgraded their management talent. Adopting
the best aspects of a Red culture was a matter of survival. But it also ena-
bled these companies to acquire efciency advantages that they would
subsequently leverage through global acquisitions in order to grow.
An example of Red ingenuity by Indian companies is a recently publi-
cized management practice called jugaad. It refers to improvisational
innovation that is driven by scarce resources and the goal of meeting
immediate customer needs. The idea is to cobble a product or service
together in the least resource-intensive w ...