October 2006
Intermediate to advanced
544 pages
20h 23m
English
Content preview from Digital Systems: Principles and Design
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505ADC, DAC and AnalogDigital Mix Interfaces
R
DAC input bits 0 or 1
RRR2R
2R 2R 2R 2R 2R
–
+
V
out
FIGURE 20.12 DAC using R-2R ladder network.
tance at the input. Therefore, its contribution is one half of the next stage bit. Using summing
amplifier formula, the DAC
V
out
= {(R
p
)/R}.[d
0
.{1/(2
n1
)}R
dac
+ d
1
.{1/(2
n2
)}(R
dac
) + ... + d
n 1
.{1/(2
1
)}(R
dac
)
n 1
].
R
dac
is DAC resolution, voltage output per bit increment at the DAC input. The successive
sum terms is double that of the preceding term. This is because, the resistance in the path of
(n 1) bit input = R, for (n 2)
th
bit, it is 2R, and so on. It is 2
n 2
time R in the path of lowest
bit input. ...
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