3.10. Processes with Dead Time
Many processes have a delayed response to a process input, either due to transport lags (such as flow through pipes) or high-order effects. In Section 3.3.4 we found that a time-delay of θ time units had a transfer function of e–θs.
A first-order process combined with a time-delay has the transfer function
Consider a process with kp = 1, τp = 10, and θ = 5. A unit step input change at t = 0 yields the response shown in Figure 3-15. We see that the time-delay shifts the response of the output.
Figure 3-15. Response of a first-order + dead time process.
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