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book
量子计算机编程:从入门到实践
by
Eric R. Johnston
,
Nicholas Harrigan
,
Mercedes Gimeno-Segovia
July 2021
Beginner to intermediate
274 pages
7h 10m
Chinese
Posts & Telecom Press
Content preview from
量子计算机编程:从入门到实践
238
|
第
13
章
有了这两种状态,我们可以执行一个特殊的交换测试子例程。这个子例程将两个
QRAM
查询产生的状态组合成纠缠叠加态,然后执行精心构造的交换测试(参考第
3
章),这里
不再赘述。回想一下,除了告诉我们两个
QPU
寄存器的状态是否相等,交换测试中所涉
及的读操作的实际成功率
p
还取决于两个状态的
保真度
——这个定量指标精确测量它们之
间的相近程度。我们在这里使用的交换测试是精心构造的,因此读到
1
的概率
p
反映了在
方程式
13-8
中需要的符号。具体来说,如果读到的值为
+1
,则
p
=
1/2
。通过重复交换测
试并计算
0
和
1
的结果,我们可以将概率
p
的值估计到所需的精度,并相应地对数据点
x
进行分类。
因此,我们能够根据图
13-8
所示的示意图来训练和使用量子
LS-SVM
模型。
图
13-8
没有深入研究交换测试子例程的数学细节,只是非常笼统地展示了
LS-SVM
训练
过程。注意,图中没有展示交换测试子例程的所有细节,只是着重展示了关键的输入状
态。这能帮助我们理解书中介绍的
QPU
原语起到的关键作用。
关键的一步是用一种非常适合使用
QPU
的技术(特别是矩阵求逆)来重新计算
SVM
问题。
这体现了本书的中心思想——在了解
QPU
擅长的事情的基础上,结合领域专业知识,可能
会启发我们发现新的
QPU
应用,只需将现有的问题以
QPU
兼容的形式呈现出来即可。
13.4
其他机器学习应用
到目前为止,量子机器学习仍然是一个非常活跃的研究领域。本章给出了
3
个典型的应用
示例,但是该领域依然源源不断地出现新的进展。与此同时,传统的机器学习方法也正受 ...
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Publisher Resources
ISBN: 9787115566355