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O'Reilly Platform
book
量子计算机编程:从入门到实践
by
Eric R. Johnston
,
Nicholas Harrigan
,
Mercedes Gimeno-Segovia
July 2021
Beginner to intermediate
274 pages
7h 10m
Chinese
Posts & Telecom Press
Content preview from
量子计算机编程:从入门到实践
166
|
第
10
章
这些状态分别对逻辑赋值语句
(a=0, b=0, c=1)
、
(a=1, b=0, c=1)
和
(a=1, b=1, c=1)
进行
编码,只有它们是满足图
10-3
所示的原始布尔语句的逻辑输入。
10.2
解决逻辑谜题
至此,我们知道了如何标记满足布尔语句的值的相位。利用新掌握的能力,我们可以使用
AA
原语来解决
布尔可满足性问题
,即判断输入值是否满足给定的布尔语句。这正是我们
通过相位逻辑所学到的!
布尔可满足性是计算机科学中的一个重要问题
5
,它被应用于模型检测、人工智能规划和软
件验证等场景。为了理解这个问题(以及如何解决它),我们将看一看
QPU
如何帮助我们
解决一个没什么经济效益却很有趣的布尔可满足性问题:逻辑谜题!
小猫和老虎
在一座很远很远的岛上,曾经住着一位公主,她非常想要一只小猫作为她的生日礼物。公
主的父亲——国王——虽然不反对她的想法,但他想知道女儿对于养宠物的决定是否是认
真的。因此,他在女儿过生日时给她出了一道谜题,如图
10-6
所示
6
。
图
10-6
:生日谜题
在她生日的那一天,公主收到了两个盒子,但她最多只能打开其中一个。每个盒子装的既
可能是她梦寐以求的小猫,也可能是一只凶猛的老虎。还好盒子上贴有文字如下的标签。
盒子
A
上的标签
至少有一个盒子里有一只小猫。
盒子
B
上的标签
另一个盒子里有一只老虎。
注
5
:
布尔可满足性是第一个被证明为
NP
完全问题。
N
-SAT
是包含
N
个字面量布尔语句子句的布尔可满足
性问题,当
N
>2
时是
NP
完全的。第
14
章会提供更多关于基本计算复杂度的信息,还会推荐用于深 ...
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Publisher Resources
ISBN: 9787115566355