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O'Reilly Platform
book
量子计算机编程:从入门到实践
by
Eric R. Johnston
,
Nicholas Harrigan
,
Mercedes Gimeno-Segovia
July 2021
Beginner to intermediate
274 pages
7h 10m
Chinese
Posts & Telecom Press
Content preview from
量子计算机编程:从入门到实践
量子隐形传态
|
67
成功
失败
Bob
的操作不正确
Bob
的操作正确
图
4-15
:解释隐形传态实验结果
在
Bob
操作正确的
221
次中,当他的验证结果为
0
时
11
,隐形传态成功。也就是说,隐形传
态成功
194
次,失败
27
次。考虑到
Alice
和
Bob
使用的设备在
2019
年算是最好的,
87.8%
的成功率并不差。不过,在发送重要信息前仍然需要三思而后行。
如果
Bob
接收到的量子比特
几乎
与
Alice
发送的一样(但不完全一样),那么
验证程序很可能发现不了错误。只有多次运行测试程序,才能确信设备运行
良好。
4.4
如何利用隐形传态
令人惊讶的是,隐形传态是基本的
QPU
操作,即使在没有明显的“通信”功能的应用中
也是如此。它使得我们能够突破“不可复制”的限制,在量子比特之间传递信息。事实
上,作为量子应用的一个组成部分,隐形传态的大多数实际应用是在
QPU
内非常短的距
离上进行的。你将在接下来的几章中看到,针对两个或多个量子比特进行的大多数运算利
用各种纠缠态发挥作用。利用这种量子链接进行计算通常可以看作对隐形传态概念的应
用。虽然在本书所涉及的算法和应用中,我们可能没有明确地提到隐形传态,但它起着至
关重要的作用。
4.5
著名的隐形传态事故带来的乐趣
作为科幻迷,我们个人最喜欢的隐形传态应用是经典的惊悚电影《变蝇人》(
The Fly
)。
不
论是
1958
年的原版,还是更具现代感的
1986
年版,都有一个容易出错的隐形传态实验。
在主人公发现他的猫无法正确地传送信息时,他认为接下来合乎逻辑的步骤是亲自尝试,
但是他不知道一只苍蝇已经和他一起进入了传送舱。 ...
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Publisher Resources
ISBN: 9787115566355