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O'Reilly Platform
book
量子计算机编程:从入门到实践
by
Eric R. Johnston
,
Nicholas Harrigan
,
Mercedes Gimeno-Segovia
July 2021
Beginner to intermediate
274 pages
7h 10m
Chinese
Posts & Telecom Press
Content preview from
量子计算机编程:从入门到实践
保持领先:文献指引
|
245
14.2
与术语有关的一些细节和注意事项
以下针对本书使用的术语补充一些细节。
•
在整本书中,我们把量子计算出现之前的计算称为“传统计算”,你也可能听过有人用“经
典”一词来描述不使用
QPU
寄存器的传统二进制计算。
•
我们经常使用所谓的
临时量子比特
来帮助执行某些量子计算。在许多量子计算资料中,
临时量子比特有另一种叫法:
附属量子比特
(
ancilla qubit
)。
•
第
2
章介绍了以角度为输入参数的
PHASE
门。在本书中,我们用
度
(
degree
)来表示角度,
其范围是
0
°~
360
°。许多量子计算文献以
弧度
(
radian
)来指定角度。弧度是一个角
度单位,弧长等于半径的弧,其所对的圆心角为
1
弧度。下表以两种单位显示了常用的
角度。
度
0
°
45
°
90
°
135
°
180
°
225
°
270
°
315
°
弧度
0
π
4
π
2
3
π
4
π
5
π
4
3
π
2
7
π
4
•
在
3
种情况下,
PHASE
门有专有名称。
角度
(
弧度
)
π
4
π
2
π
名称
T
S
Z
•
第
6
章介绍了
AA
原语。这个原语(更具体地说就是镜像操作)能够放大寄存器中标记
状态的振幅,从而提高读出该寄存器的概率。尽管这个术语听起来很简单,但值得注意
的是,在学术文献中,
AA
迭代通常被称为
格罗弗迭代
,
AA
(振幅放大)这种说法专
门针对一类可以使用格罗弗迭代来提高成功率的通用算法。
•
QPU
寄存器的特定配置(例如它可能存在的叠加态或纠缠态)通常被称为寄存器的状态。
这个术语来源于这样一个事实:寄存器的配置实际上是由数学意义上的量子态来描述的
(即使我们选择使用圆形表示法更方便地可视化寄存器) ...
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Publisher Resources
ISBN: 9787115566355