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O'Reilly Platform
book
量子计算机编程:从入门到实践
by
Eric R. Johnston
,
Nicholas Harrigan
,
Mercedes Gimeno-Segovia
July 2021
Beginner to intermediate
274 pages
7h 10m
Chinese
Posts & Telecom Press
Content preview from
量子计算机编程:从入门到实践
入门
|
7
符 号
名 称
用 法
描 述
READ
val = qc.read(t)
读取量子比特,返回数值
WRITE
qc.write(t, val)
将传统数据写为量子比特
RNOT
qc.rootnot(t)
ROOT-of-NOT
运算
SWAP
或
EXCHANGE
qc.exchange(t1|t2)
交换
2
个量子比特
CSWAP
qc.exchange(t1|t2, c)
条件交换:
if (c) then SWAP(t1, t2)
具体的指令和时序取决于
QPU
的品牌和架构。不过,表
1-1
中的是一组基本指令,应该在
所有
QPU
中都可用。这些指令构成了
QPU
编程的基础,就像
MOV
和
ADD
这样的指令之于
CPU
程序员一样。
1.4.1
模拟器的上限
尽管模拟器在运行小型
QPU
程序时非常方便,但与真正的
QPU
相比,它们的性能仍然不
够强大。衡量
QPU
性能的一个指标是在其上可操作的
量子比特
(
qubit
)的数量
2
。量子比特
就是量子位,稍后会详细说明。
截至本书原版出版之时,测试得出的
QPU
模拟器的世界记录是
51
个量子比特。在实践
中,公众可以使用的模拟器和硬件通常能够在停止运行之前处理约
26
个量子比特。
本书中的示例考虑到了上述限制。对量子计算初学者来说,这些示例是很好的着手点。每
向示例中添加一个量子比特,都会使运行模拟器所需的内存加倍,速度减半。
1.4.2
硬件的上限
在本书写作之时,实际可用的最大
QPU
硬件大约有
70
个
物理量子比特
(
physical
qubit
),
而通过
Qiskit
开源软件开发工具包向公众提供的最大 ...
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Publisher Resources
ISBN: 9787115566355