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book
量子计算机编程:从入门到实践
by
Eric R. Johnston
,
Nicholas Harrigan
,
Mercedes Gimeno-Segovia
July 2021
Beginner to intermediate
274 pages
7h 10m
Chinese
Posts & Telecom Press
Content preview from
量子计算机编程:从入门到实践
第二部分
QPU
原语
你已经掌握了描述和操作量子比特的基础知识,接下来可以了解一些更高级的
QPU
原语。
这些原语有助于构建完整的量子应用程序。
非常笼统地说,量子应用程序往往具有如图
II-1
所示的结构。
创建叠加态
在叠加态下
计算
相位操作
读取结果
图
II-1
:量子应用程序的大体结构
QPU
原语帮助我们填充这个结构。在图
II-1
所示的
4
个步骤中,与第
2
个步骤(在叠加
态下计算)相关联的原语让我们能够利用叠加态的隐式并行性进行计算,实现第
3
个步骤
(相位操作)的原语则确保能够以可行的方式读取结果。
上述步骤通常一起执行,并且在迭代中多次应用,具体方式取决于特定的应用程序。每一
步并没有通用的原语,我们实际上需要一个原语库。接下来的
4
章将分别介绍表
II-1
列出
的
QPU
原语。
表
II-1
:本书所涉及的
QPU
原语
原语描述
类 型
章 号
量子算术与逻辑
在叠加态下计算
第
5
章
振幅放大
相位操作
第
6
章
量子傅里叶变换
相位操作
第
7
章
量子相位估计
相位操作
第
8
章
每一章首先从实践角度介绍原语,然后概述该原语的实际用法。第
6
~
8
章包含题为
“
QPU
内部”的一节,这些内容大多根据第
2
章和第
3
章中的基本
QPU
指令进行分解,有
助于理解原语的工作方式。
QPU
编程的艺术在于确定如何组合表
II-1
中的原语,以针对给定的应用程序构造出如图 ...
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Publisher Resources
ISBN: 9787115566355