
Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging: Microscopy, Endoscopy, and Tomography 599
membrane lipid order. Such membrane lipid order probes may
be multiplexed with other uorophores including genetically
expressed uorescence proteins, to permit studies correlating
MLM accumulation with cell signaling pathways, which may be
studied using FRET.
28.3.2 FLIM Applied to Cell Biology: FRET
e most widespread application of FLIM in cell biology is prob-
ably the mapping of FRET (Förster 1948) to report the interac-
tions between suitably labeled specic proteins, lipids, enzymes,
DNA, and RNA, as well as cleavage of a protein, or conforma-
tional changes wit