Handbook of Biomedical Optics

72 Handbook of Biomedical Optics

given by van de Hulst (1980) and Prahl (1988). e refractive

index mismatch can be taken into account by adding eective

boundary layers of zero thickness and having the reection and

transmission operators determined by Fresnel’s formulas. e

total transmittance and reectance of the slab are obtained by

straightforward integration of Equation 5.4. Dierent methods

of performing the integration and the IAD program provided by

Prahl (1988, 2010) allows one to obtain the absorption and the

scattering coecients from the measured diuse reectance R

d

and diuse transmittance T

d

of the tissue slab. is program ...