
Tissue Optical Properties 77
TABLE 5.1 continued Optical Properties of Human and Animal Skin and Subcutaneous Tissues Measured In Vitro and Ex Vivo
Tissue , nm
a
, cm
−1
s
, cm
−1
g
ʹ
μ
, cm
−1
Remarks
Epidermis (lightly
pigmented/medium
pigmented/highly
pigmented)
350 9.99/30.16/69.8 210.4 0.702 — Data from graphs (Patwardhan et al. 2005) (with
references to papers by Bruls and van der Leun 1984,
Jacques et al. 1987, van Gemert et al. 1989); in
thespectral range 350–700 nm:
g = 0.745 + 0.546(1 − exp(−( − 500)/1806));
s
= 1.752 × 10
8
−2.33
+ 134.67
−0.494
, [] in nm
400 6.77/20.2/46.67 156.3 0.712 —
450 4.41/13.5/31.52 121.6 0.728 —
500 2.58/9.77/21.82 ...