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13.1 Introduction
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an emerging medical
imaging technology that enables micron scale, cross-sectional,
and 3D imaging of microstructure of biological tissues in situ and
in real time (Huang et al. 1991a, Fujimoto et al. 2000, Fujimoto
2003). OCT can function as a type of “optical biopsy”: imaging
tissue microstructure with 1–10 m resolutions and 1–2 mm
penetration depths, approaching those of standard excisional
biopsy and histopathology, but without the need to remove and
process tissue specimens (Fujimoto et al. 1995, Brezinski et al.
1996b, Tearney et al. 1997b). OCT is analogous to ultrasound ...