
330 Principles of Supply Chain Management
such that it may not be efcient to simply throw them away. These could include the
following types of goods and products:
• Products in the eld that have failed and need to be repaired or properly
disposed
• Parts and subassemblies of products that can be reused, because they are per-
fectly good (no trouble found), or that can be repaired or reworked
• Products that are perfectly good but have, nevertheless, been returned by the
purchaser as well as products sitting on retailer’s shelves that have not been
sold
• Products and materials that have been recalled or are obsolete, but still have
a usef