
tier are inefficient in the sense that there were potential agree-
ments, if the two sides had been able to find them, that would
have made both sides better off. Equivalently, deals inside this
frontier “leave value on the table.”
A given deal creates value but also divides it between the two
sides. Agreements around the 45-degree line are more balanced;
both sides capture a significant amount of the value that is
created. This would be the case, for example, if Omega agreed
to pay Beta $30,000 to speed up delivery by one month. This is
$20,000 more than it costs Beta, but also $20,000 less than the
value that the accelerated delivery creates for Omega. ...