
252 Quality Assurance
%Contribution =
σ
R&R
2
σ
2
*100
This is the same as %Study Variation, except a ratio of variances versus
standard deviations. Measurement system variation (R&R) is a percentage of
total observed process variation. Anything less than 9% is considered good.
Precision to Tolerance P/T
% Tolerance =
5.15 * σ
R&R
*100
% contribution
% study
(industry standard)
% tolerance
Number of distinct categories
FIGURE 16.19
Minitab
®
output of an ANOVA MSA analysis.
R chart by operator
Rbar too small?
Plateaus
R
–
= 4.33E–0.4
UCL = 0.001416
LCL = 0
R
–
= 0.03833
UCL = 0.1252
123
123
LCL = 0
0.005
0.004
0.003
0.002
0.001
0.000
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.00