
960 CHAPTER 12 Future Directions
performance effects. Contention is a particularly prevalent and difficult performance
effect for a programmer to diagnose, especially because the point in the program (or
machine) where the effects of contention are felt can be quite different from the
point that causes the contention. Performance tools continue to evolve, providing
feedback about where the largest overhead components of execution time are in the
program, what data structures might be causing the data access overheads, and so
on. We are likely to see progress in techniques to increase the visibility of perfor-
mance monitoring tools, which wil ...