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Chapter 2
The Change
More than any other time in history, mankind faces a crossroads. One
path leads to despair and utter hopelessness. e other, to total extinc-
tion. Let us pray we have the wisdom to choose correctly.
—Woody Allen
Side Effects (1980)
e future is moving so quickly that you can’t anticipate it … We have
to put tremendous emphasis on quick response instead of planning.
—Steve Kerr
Chief Learning Officer of General Electric
(Laufer, 2009)
Change
A theory of change is a description of how and why a set of activi-
ties—be they part of a highly focused program or a comprehensive
initiative—are expected to lead to early, intermediate, a