January 2012
Intermediate to advanced
584 pages
11h 56m
Chinese
Content preview from 操作介面設計模式 第二版
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模式
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235
這是什麼
在類似表格的直欄中放置項目，但是在第一個直欄使用內縮式的大綱結構，展
現出樹狀結構。
何時使用
清單中的項目具有高度組織性，且有使用者感到興趣的特殊屬性。我們可以用
多欄清單或表格來呈現這些項目。但項目已經構成階層，所以我們也要用樹來
表現階層（大部分的時間中都能看到）。
使用者對於介面使用的各個層面還算熟練；這個模式對於剛入門的電腦使用者
是個難以理解的模式（大多數階層式檢視方式，包括樹和分層清單（Cascading
Lists），也只適合熟練的使用者）。
為何使用
結合兩種資料檢視方式成為一種，給了我們兩方的優點，但付出的代價則是增
加了視覺上和程式設計上的複雜度。我們可以顯示出項目的階層，附加額外資
料和項目屬性，把把它們同時融合在一個統一的結構中。
原理作法
這個例子顯示出你該做的事：將樹（其實是大綱）放在第一個直欄，然後將項
目的屬性放在後續的直欄。這些橫列（每個項目自成一列）通常都是可以被選
取的。這個模式自然能與
可排序表格
（Sortable Tables）結合，製造出更適合
瀏覽與互動的結構。在直欄中排序會擾亂樹的排序，所以我們需要額外提供按
鈕或其他可見的功能，用於重新把表格排回樹所需要的順序。
這個技術似乎常常在郵件用戶端軟體或新聞閱讀器中看到，這類程式裡的討論
串（thread）即形成樹狀結構。
範例說明
Firefox 瀏覽器曾在對話框中使用外觀獨特的樹狀表格。用於分隔的水平線，
可以幫 助視覺 上的分 群，將 項目分 成不同 大類， 這個構 想實在 不錯（ 參見圖
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O’Reilly covers everything we've got, with content to help us build a world-class technology community, upgrade the capabilities and competencies of our teams, and improve overall team performance as well as their engagement.Julian F.
I wanted to learn C and C++, but it didn't click for me until I picked up an O'Reilly book. When I went on the O’Reilly platform, I was astonished to find all the books there, plus live events and sandboxes so you could play around with the technology.Addison B.
I’ve been on the O’Reilly platform for more than eight years. I use a couple of learning platforms, but I'm on O'Reilly more than anybody else. When you're there, you start learning. I'm never disappointed.Amir M.
I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.