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O'Reilly Platform
book
LINUX系統程式設計 第二版
by
Robert Love
December 2013
Intermediate to advanced
496 pages
8h 57m
Chinese
GoTop Information, Inc.
Content preview from
LINUX系統程式設計 第二版
4
|
第一章
(
software interrupt handler
)—中斷向量
0x80
的處理程序是什麼?難道沒有其他的系統
呼叫處理程序!
應用程式可經由
機器暫存器
(
machine register
)通知核心,它想要執行哪個系統呼叫以
及執行時使用哪些參數。系統呼叫以「由
0
起算的」數字來指定。在
i386
架構上,如
果要調用編號
5
的系統呼叫(這正好是
open()
),用戶空間應用程式在下達
int
指令之
前,應該把數字
5
填入暫存器
eax
。
參數的傳遞以類似的方式來處理。例如,在
i386
上,係使用暫存器來存放每一個可能的
參數—暫存器
ebx
、
ecx
、
edx
、
esi
和
edi
依序用來存放前五個參數。一個系統呼叫很少
會用到
5
個以上的參數,它可以透過一個暫存器指向用戶空間中用來存放所有參數的緩
衝區,當然,多數系統呼叫只會用到一對參數。
其他架構處理系統呼叫調用的方式則有所不同,然而精神是一樣的。身為一個系統程
式設計者,你通常不需要知道核心處理系統呼叫之調用的細節。該細節已被編碼進
(
encoded into
)架構的標準呼叫規則(
standard calling convention
),由編譯器和
C
程
式庫自動處理。
C
程式庫
C
程式庫(
libc
)是
Unix
應用程式的中心元件。即使你是以其他語言進行程式設計,
C
程式庫也幾乎都派得上用場,透過層級較高之程式庫的包裝,
C
程式庫可以提供基礎服
務(
core service
)以及簡化系統呼叫調用(
system call invocation
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Publisher Resources
ISBN: 9789862769812