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book
LINUX系統程式設計 第二版
by
Robert Love
December 2013
Intermediate to advanced
496 pages
8h 57m
Chinese
GoTop Information, Inc.
Content preview from
LINUX系統程式設計 第二版
緩衝式
I/O
|
91
/* 'f'
是個有效的串流
*/
if (ferror (f))
printf ("Error on f!\n");
if (feof (f))
printf ("EOF on f!\n");
clearerr (f);
取得相對應的檔案描述器
有時,取得特定串流背後的檔案描述器會很有用。例如,要對串流進行系統呼叫時,如
果不存在相對應的標準
I/O
函式,則可以經由它的檔案描述器。欲取得串流背後的檔案
描述器,可使用
fileno()
:
#include <stdio.h>
int fileno (FILE *stream);
執行成功時,
fileno()
會傳回與
stream
相對應的檔案描述器。執行失敗時,則會傳
回
-1
。這只會發生在指定了無效的串流,此狀況下,
fileno()
會把
errno
設定成
EBADF
。
標準
I/O
呼叫與系統呼叫混用時,通常不會看到警告訊息。使用
fileno()
時,程式設計
者一定要謹慎為之,以確保檔案描述器的動作不會與用戶緩衝機制發生衝突。尤其是,
操作背後的檔案描述器之前,先出清串流可能是明智之舉。你絕對不應該把檔案描述器
與基於串流的
I/O
操作混用。
控制與緩衝機制
標準的
I/O
程式庫實作了三種用戶緩衝機制,並且提供了一個介面讓開發者得以控制緩
衝區的類型和大小。不同類型的用戶緩衝機制用於不同的目的,適合不同的情況。下面
是這三種選項:
未經緩衝
(
Unbuffered
)
未執行用戶緩衝機制。資料會被直接提交給核心。由於這會禁止用戶緩衝機制,不
存在任何好處,所以不常被用到:標準錯誤,在預定情況下,是未經緩衝的。 ...
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Publisher Resources
ISBN: 9789862769812