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O'Reilly Platform
book
LINUX系統程式設計 第二版
by
Robert Love
December 2013
Intermediate to advanced
496 pages
8h 57m
Chinese
GoTop Information, Inc.
Content preview from
LINUX系統程式設計 第二版
340
|
第九章
把字串複製到堆疊
alloca()
常用於暫時複製一個字串。例如:
/*
我們想要複製
'song' */
char *dup;
dup = alloca (strlen (song) + 1);
strcpy (dup, song);
/*
操作
'dup'... */
return; /* 'dup'
會被自動釋出
*/
因為時常會有這個需要,而且
alloca()
有速度快的優點,所以
Linux
系統為
strdup()
提
供了若干變體,可用於把所指定的字串複製到堆疊:
#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <string.h>
char * strdupa (const char *s);
char * strndupa (const char *s, size_t n);
叫用
strdupa()
會傳回
s
的一個副本。叫用
strndupa()
會複製
s
中
n
個字符。如果
s
的
字符數目大於
n
,則會在第
n
字符停止複製,而且函式會在最後附加一個
null
位元組。
這兩個函式的優點如同
alloca()
。當進行調用的函式返回時,所複製的字串就會自動被
釋出。
POSIX
並未定義
alloca()
、
strdupa()
和
strndupa()
等函式,而且它們在其他作業系統
上有不良的紀錄。如果考量到移植性,非常不建議使用這些函式。然而,在
Linux
上,
alloca()
等函式的表現不俗,而且可以提供絕佳的效能,因為僅需調整堆疊框指標,而
不必進行複雜的動態記憶體分配。
可變長度陣列
C99
引進了 ...
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Publisher Resources
ISBN: 9789862769812