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O'Reilly Platform
book
LINUX系統程式設計 第二版
by
Robert Love
December 2013
Intermediate to advanced
496 pages
8h 57m
Chinese
GoTop Information, Inc.
Content preview from
LINUX系統程式設計 第二版
328
|
第九章
簡單摘要如下:對經強制轉型的指標進行提領(
dereferencing
)通常會違反
strict
aliasing
規則。如果你看到了
gcc
的警告訊息“
dereferencing type-punned pointer
will break strict-aliasing rules
”(對經強制轉型的指標進行提領將破壞
strict-
aliasing
規則),代表你已經違反了該規則。
strict aliasing
早已是
C++
語言的一部
分,但是
C
語言只有
C99
將它標準化。
gcc
,正如警告訊息所提到的那樣,會實施
strict aliasing
;這麼做將可產生更優化的程式碼。
附帶一提,實際的規則可以在
ISO C99
標準的第
6
章〈處理器傾向〉一節找到。
管理資料區段
Unix
系統以往就有提供介面,可用於直接管理資料區段(
data segment
)。然而,多數
程式並未直接使用這些介面,因為
malloc()
以及其他分配機制,比較容易使用而且功能
更強大。本節我將說明這些介面,以滿足好奇的讀者及想要自己實作基於堆積(
heap-
based
)之分配機制的少數讀者:
#include <unistd.h>
int brk (void *end);
void * sbrk (intptr_t increment);
這些函式的名稱源自老舊的
Unix
系統,其中堆積(
heap
)與堆疊(
stack
)位於相同的
區段。堆積中的動態記憶體分配從區段的底部向上成長;而堆疊則會從區段頂部向下朝 ...
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Publisher Resources
ISBN: 9789862769812