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O'Reilly Platform
book
LINUX系統程式設計 第二版
by
Robert Love
December 2013
Intermediate to advanced
496 pages
8h 57m
Chinese
GoTop Information, Inc.
Content preview from
LINUX系統程式設計 第二版
記憶體管理
|
351
EPERM
RLIMIT_MEMLOCK
資源限度的值為
0
,但行程並不具
CAP_IPC_LOCK
的能力(同樣地,見
第九章〈上鎖限度〉一節)。
記憶體的上鎖不可套疊。因此單一
munlock()
或
munlockall()
將可以替一個被鎖住的頁
面解鎖,而不用管該頁面被
mlock()
或
mlockall()
鎖住多少次。
上鎖限度
因為鎖住記憶體會影響系統的整體效能—的確,如果有太多頁面被鎖住,會導致記憶體
分配失敗—所以
Linux
會對一個行程可以鎖住多少頁面加上限制。
具備
CAP_IPC_LOCK
能力的行程可以把任何數目的頁面鎖進記憶體。不具此能力的行程只
能鎖住
RLIMIT_MEMLOCK
個位元組。預定狀況下,此資源限度為
32 KB
—足以把一或兩筆
具私密性的資料鎖入記憶體,但不足以影響系統的效能。(第
6
章有探討資源限度以及
如何取得與變更此值。)
頁面位於實體記憶體嗎?
為了除錯與診斷之目的,
Linux
提供了
mincore()
函式,此函式可用於判斷特定記憶體範
圍是否位於實體記憶體,或是被換出至磁碟:
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
int mincore (void *start,
size_t length,
unsigned char *vec);
叫用
mincore()
可提供一個向量,此向量描述了進行系統呼叫當時,一個映射的哪些頁
面位於實體記憶體。
mincore()
會經由
vec
傳回此向量,用於描述從
start
(必須與頁面 ...
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Publisher Resources
ISBN: 9789862769812