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O'Reilly Platform
book
LINUX系統程式設計 第二版
by
Robert Love
December 2013
Intermediate to advanced
496 pages
8h 57m
Chinese
GoTop Information, Inc.
Content preview from
LINUX系統程式設計 第二版
記憶體管理
|
343
設定位元組
這些記憶體操作函式中最常用的當然是
memset()
:
#include <string.h>
void * memset (void *s, int c, size_t n);
透過
memset()
呼叫,可從
s
開始,把
n
個位元組設定成位元組
c
,並傳回
s
。此函式常
用於把一個記憶體區塊填滿零值:
/*
把
[s,s+256)
填滿零值
*/
memset (s, '\0', 256);
bzero()
是一個較舊、被廢棄的介面,由
BSD
引進,用於進行相同的工作。新的程式
碼應該使用
memset()
,但是考量到向下相容性以及對其他系統的移植性
Linux
仍舊提供
bzero()
:
#include <strings.h>
void bzero (void *s, size_t n);
下面的例子如同前面的
memset()
範例:
bzero (s, 256);
注意,
bzero()
(以及名稱以
b
開頭的其他介面)需要用到的標頭檔是
<strings.h>
而不
是
<string.h>
。
如果你可以使用
calloc()
就不要使用
memset()
!
避免先使用
malloc()
分配記憶體,再接著使用
memset()
將它填滿零值。
儘管結果可能一樣,把兩個函式呼叫(
malloc()
與
memset()
)換成一個函
式呼叫(
calloc()
會從核心傳回填滿零值的記憶體)會有比較好的效能。
這樣你不但可以少進行一次函式呼叫,而且
calloc()
還可以從核心那裡
取得填滿零值的記憶體。此狀況下,你不必自己動手把每個位元組設定為 ...
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Publisher Resources
ISBN: 9789862769812