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O'Reilly Platform
book
LINUX系統程式設計 第二版
by
Robert Love
December 2013
Intermediate to advanced
496 pages
8h 57m
Chinese
GoTop Information, Inc.
Content preview from
LINUX系統程式設計 第二版
檔案與目錄的管理
|
275
ENOTSUPP
path
或
fd
所在的檔案系統並不支援延伸屬性。
目錄
Unix
中,
目錄
(
directory
)是一個簡單的概念:它包含了一串檔案名稱,每個檔案名
稱會被對映到一個
inode
編號。每個名稱又稱為一個
目錄項目
(
directory entry
),而且
每個「名稱至
inode
」的映射稱為一個
連結
(
link
)。一個目錄的內容—使用
ls
所看到的
結果—就是該目錄中所有檔案之名稱所構成的清單。當用戶在所指定的目錄中開啟一個
檔案時,核心會在目錄清單中尋找該檔案的名稱,試圖找到相對應的
inode
編號。然後
核心會把該
inode
編號傳遞給檔案系統,檔案系統會利用它來找到檔案在裝置上的實體
位置。
目錄中還可以包含其他目錄。
子目錄
(
subdirectory
)就是一個目錄中所包含的另一個目
錄。基於此定義,所有的目錄都是某個
父目錄
(
parent directory
)的子目錄,位於檔案
系統樹最根部的目錄(
/
)除外。毫不意外的,此目錄就稱為
根目錄
(
root directory
);
不要與
root
用戶的
home
目錄(
/root
)搞混了。
路徑名稱
(
pathname
)係由一個檔案名稱與它的一或多個父目錄名稱所組成。
絕對路
徑名稱
(
absolute pathname
)就是以根目錄開頭的路徑名稱,像是
/usr/bin/sextant
。
相對
路徑名稱
(
relative pathname
)就是並非以根目錄開頭的路徑名稱,像是
bin/sextant
。要
使用這樣的路徑名稱,作業系統必須知道路徑相對於哪個目錄 ...
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Publisher Resources
ISBN: 9789862769812