Artful Making: What Managers Need to Know About How Artists Work

all three of these characteristics. Recordkeeping, for example,

is knowledge work that must be done repeatedly and reliably,

but it usually requires little or no innovation. Solving problems

stemming from the merger of two large companies is knowl-

edge work and requires innovation, but you might not repeat

it. Crafting custom jewelry products out of precious metal

requires repeated and reliable innovation, but it isn’t knowl-

edge work because the materials involved are expensive to

throw away or recycle, so the cost of iteration is high (you

can’t afford to try and try again).

The Role of Enabling Technologies

in Reducing the Cost of Iteration

Artful ...