December 2019
Beginner
510 pages
12h 7m
English
Content preview from Networking Fundamentals
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Structure of an IPv4 address
An IPv4 address is made up of 32 bits, each with a value of 1 or a value of 0. Because of this, there are 4,294,967,296 possible IP addresses (usually, we just say there are 4.2 billion IP addresses). But how did we get this huge figure? We used a calculation of 2n, where n is the number of bits being used. Thus, in the case of an IPv4 address with 32 bits, it would be 232.
Each IPv4 address is broken down into four sections that are referred to as octets because they are 8 bits each. Each of those bits can have a value of 1 or a value of 0. Each octet is separated by a dot (.) and therefore an IP address is sometimes referred to as being in a dotted-decimal format:
Figure 11.1: Example of an IPv4 address
If ...
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