October 2024
Intermediate
240 pages
6h 57m
Japanese
Content preview from 図解まるわかり VR・AR・MRのしくみ
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138
GPUシェーダー
シェーダーで高度な描画
6-7
立体感の鍵を握るシェーダー技術
色の合成や陰影の表現、奥行き感の演出など、リアルで立体的な表現を
実現するには、シェーダーの活用が非常に重要です。シェーダーは、3D
オブジェクトを表現する際に陰影処理を行うためのプログラムです。その
高度な視覚効果は、GPUを用いて実現しています。
GPUシェーダーによる高度な描画表現
GPUシェーダーは、3Dオブジェクトの描画プロセスをカスタマイズ
し、高速に処理を行いながら、光の反射や影の生成、色の調整、ピクセル
処理などの複雑な描画表現ができます。バーテックスシェーダー、ピクセ
ルシェーダー、ジオメトリシェーダーなど種類があり、それぞれが3Dオ
ブジェクトの描画に特化した役割を持ちます（図6-13）。
●
バーテックスシェーダー：3Dオブジェクトの頂点の位置や色、テク
スチャ座標などを操作する。
●
ピクセルシェーダー：各ピクセルの色や透明度、テクスチャの適用方
法などを制御する。
●
ジオメトリシェーダー：頂点データを動的に生成したり、プリミティ
ブ（ポリゴンなどの基本的な図形）を分割することができる。
シェーダー数が多いほど高性能
GPUの性能を表す指標の一つに、シェーダーの数があります。多いほ
どGPUの処理能力が高く、より高度な描画表現ができます。ただし、シ
ェーダー数を比較する際は、同じメーカーで同じ世代のモデルを基準にす
ることが大切です。メーカーによってシェーダー1 つあたりの処理能力が
異なり、世代が変わるごとに性能が向上するためです ...
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