Inspiration from neuroscience
CNNs are a prominent example of biologically inspired Artificial Intelligence (AI). While many other fields influenced the development of CNN, some of their key design principles were drawn from neuroscience. In particular, CNNs reflect key insights from research on the primary visual cortex.
The visual cortex it is organized as a spatial map, which mirrors the structure of the image on the retina. It contains a complex arrangement of cells that are sensitive to small sub-regions of the visual field (called receptive field), and are tiled to cover the entire visual field. These cells act as local filters over the input space, and are well-suited to exploit the strong spatially local correlation present in natural ...
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