August 2015
Intermediate to advanced
272 pages
5h 46m
Japanese
Content preview from Think Stats 第2版 ―プログラマのための統計入門
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141
141
10.4 推定
図
10-2
線形適合の残差
理想的には、この線は平坦で、残差がランダムなことを示し、お互いに平行で、残
差の分散がすべての年齢群で同じであることを示すべきです。実際のところ、図の線
は平行に近いですから、よいでしょう。しかし、真っ直ぐでなくて曲がっていますか
ら、関係が非線形なことを示唆しています。それでも、線形適合は単純なモデルで、
ある種の目的にはおそらく十分でしょう。
10.4
推定
パラメータ
inter
と
slope
は、標本から推定されています。他の推定同様、標本バ
イアス、計測誤差、標本誤差の影響を受けます。
8
章で論じたように、標本バイアス
は、代表になっていないサンプリングから、測定誤差は、データの収集記録の過ちか
ら、そして標本誤差は、母集団全体ではなく、標本を測定するという結果から引き起
こされます。
標本誤差の程度を評価するには、「この実験をもう一度行うとしたら、推定結果に
どの程度の変動が予測されるだろうか」という質問に答えます。この質問に対して、
実験をシミュレーションし、推定の標本分布を計算して答えることができます。
データをリサンプリングして実験をシミュレーションします。すなわち、標本とし
て取られた妊娠データをあたかも母集団全体と見なして、そこから標本を取り、もと
年齢（歳）
75位
50位
25位
142
10 章 線形最小二乗法
の標本と置き換えます。
def SamplingDistributions(live, iters=101):
t = []
for _ in ...
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O’Reilly covers everything we've got, with content to help us build a world-class technology community, upgrade the capabilities and competencies of our teams, and improve overall team performance as well as their engagement.Julian F.
I wanted to learn C and C++, but it didn't click for me until I picked up an O'Reilly book. When I went on the O’Reilly platform, I was astonished to find all the books there, plus live events and sandboxes so you could play around with the technology.Addison B.
I’ve been on the O’Reilly platform for more than eight years. I use a couple of learning platforms, but I'm on O'Reilly more than anybody else. When you're there, you start learning. I'm never disappointed.Amir M.
I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.