January 2020
Beginner to intermediate
728 pages
10h 26m
Japanese
Content preview from データサイエンス設計マニュアル
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178 6 章 データの可視化
順位
図 6 -30 単語の出現頻度の順位を示す散布図。一体何がわかるのだろうか
順位 順位
図 6 -31 1 万
個の英単語の度数分布。頻度を対数スケールにするか（左）、両対数スケールを使えば（右、
こちらの方がさらによい）、分布がべき乗則に従っていることがわかる
よい。両対数スケールで直線になるということは、間違いなくべき乗則分布に従っていることを意味する。
6.5.2 分散の過剰解釈
バイオインフォマティクスは、データから生命の仕組みを解き明かそうとする科学である。図 6 -32（左）
は、遺伝子のフォールディングエネルギーを遺伝子の長さの関数として表したグラフである。グラフから、
何か発見できることがあるだろうか。
何かが起きていることは明らかだ。遺伝子の長さが 1,500 を超えると、グラフは乱高下を繰り返し、非常
に絶対値の大きなマイナス値が現れるようになる。遺伝子の長さによってエネルギーが逆に振れることがわ
かったのだろうか。
そうではない。単に分散を過剰解釈していただけだ。最初の手がかりは、非常に堅実にスタートしていた
ように見えるグラフが、遺伝子の長さが長くなるとともにおかしな動きになるのだ。ほとんどの遺伝子は、
長さが非常に短い。そのため、左のグラフの右端近くは、ごく少数のデータをもとに描かれている。少数の
点の平均は、多数の点の平均のようには信用できない。実際、遺伝子の長さ別の個数をグラフにすると（右
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O’Reilly covers everything we've got, with content to help us build a world-class technology community, upgrade the capabilities and competencies of our teams, and improve overall team performance as well as their engagement.Julian F.
I wanted to learn C and C++, but it didn't click for me until I picked up an O'Reilly book. When I went on the O’Reilly platform, I was astonished to find all the books there, plus live events and sandboxes so you could play around with the technology.Addison B.
I’ve been on the O’Reilly platform for more than eight years. I use a couple of learning platforms, but I'm on O'Reilly more than anybody else. When you're there, you start learning. I'm never disappointed.Amir M.
I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.