September 2007
Intermediate to advanced
496 pages
10h 53m
English
Several researchers have put these two competing predictions to a test. In a recent set of studies (Craig, Gholson, & Driscoll, 2002; Mayer, Heiser, & Lonn, 2001; Moreno & Mayer, 2002a), some students (non-redundant group) viewed an animation and listened to a concurrent narration explaining the formation of lightning. Other students (redundant group) received the same multimedia presentation, but with concurrent, redundant on-screen text. In this series of four comparisons, students in the non-redundant group produced more solutions (ranging between 43 to 69 percent more) on a problem-solving transfer test than did students in the redundant group. The median effect size was greater than 1, ...
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