September 2007
Intermediate to advanced
496 pages
10h 53m
English
book
e-Learning and the Science of Instruction: Proven Guidelines for Consumers and Designers of Multimedia Learning
by Ruth C. Clark, Richard E. Mayer
Content preview from e-Learning and the Science of Instruction: Proven Guidelines for Consumers and Designers of Multimedia Learning
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6.7. What We Don't Know About Redundancy
Research is needed to determine the situations in which the redundancy principle does not hold—including the kinds of learners, materials, and presentation methods that do not create a redundancy effect:
Kinds of learners—Does adding redundant on-screen text to a narrated graphic not hurt (or even help) non-native speakers or learners with very low prior knowledge?
Kinds of material—Does adding redundant on-screen text to a narrated graphic not hurt (or even help) when the on-screen material is technical terms, equations, or brief headings?
Kinds of presentation methods—Does adding redundant on-screen text to a narrated graphic not hurt (or even help) when the presentation pace is slow, when the presentation ...
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