에 작은 오차가 생길 경우 오차가 없을 때의 해와 크게 달라진다는 것이다. 이 불안정성은 기
하학적으로 쉽게 상상할 수 있다.
●
Ab=x
v
v
를 수치적으로 푸는 것(
예
가우스 소거법
Gaussian
elimination
)이나 반복적인 방법으로 푸는 것은 그 행
렬의 조건수가 합리적일 때(매우 크지 않을 때) 잘 작동한다.
●
특히 조건수가 큰 행렬이 갖는 특징 중 하나는 공간을 너무 많이 늘려 저차원 공간으로 붕괴된다는 것이다.
재미있는 점은 매우 작은 특이값을 버리기로 결정하고 축소된 공간에서 작업한다면 우리의 계산이 완벽하
게 괜찮아진다는 것이다. 행렬이 예상대로 움직일 때 ‘이 행렬은 정상적이다’ 또는 ‘정상성을 보유한다’고 한
다. 조건수가 극도로 크다면 ...
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