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R 语言经典实例(原书第 2 版)
book

R 语言经典实例(原书第 2 版)

by J.D. Long, Paul Teetor
June 2020
Beginner to intermediate
522 pages
9h 6m
Chinese
China Machine Press
Content preview from R 语言经典实例(原书第 2 版)
244
9
假设我们有两个向量 x y,它们都取自正态总体。我们可能会满足于它们的相关性大于 0.75
cor(x, y)
#> [1] 0.751
但这种想法是很天真的。如果我们运行 cor.test,它会报告相对较大的
p
0.09
cor.test(x, y)
#>
#> Pearson's product-moment correlation
#>
#> data: x and y
#> t = 2, df = 4, p-value = 0.09
#> alternative hypothesis: true correlation is not equal to 0
#> 95 percent confidence interval:
#> -0.155 0.971
#> sample estimates:
#> cor
#> 0.751
p
值高于传统定义的阈值 0.05,因此我们得出结论,相关性不太可能是显著的。
你还可以使用置信区间检验相关系数。在此示例中,置信区间为 (
-
0.155,0.971)。区间内
包含零,因此相关系数有可能为零,在这种情况下就没有相关性。同样,你不太可能确
信所报告的相关系数是显著的。
函数 cor.test 的输出中还包括函数 cor 能输出的相关系数的点估计(在底部,标记
为“样本估计”(sample estimates)),这为你节省了运行 cor 的额外步骤。
默认情况下,cor.test 计算 Pearson 相关分析,它假设潜在的总体是正态分布的。
Spearman ...
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Publisher Resources

ISBN: 9787111656814