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R 语言经典实例(原书第 2 版)
book

R 语言经典实例(原书第 2 版)

by J.D. Long, Paul Teetor
June 2020
Beginner to intermediate
522 pages
9h 6m
Chinese
China Machine Press
Content preview from R 语言经典实例(原书第 2 版)
线性回归和方差分析
349
如果预测变量数据包含多行,则每行都应有一个相应的预测值:
preds <- data.frame(
u = c(3.0, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3),
v = c(3.9, 4.0, 4.1, 4.2),
w = c(5.3, 5.5, 5.7, 5.9)
)
predict(m, newdata = preds)
#> 1 2 3 4
#> 43.8 45.0 46.3 47.5
这里要指出的是,新数据不需要包含响应变量的值,只有预测变量。毕竟,你正在尝试
计算
响应变量,因此希望你提供响应变量是不合理的。
11.19.4 另请参阅
本方法只是预测变量的点估计。有关预测值置信区间,请参见 11.20 节。
11.20 建立预测区间
11.20.1 问题
正在使用线性回归模型进行预测。你想知道预测值的区间,即预测值的分布范围。
11.20.2 解决方案
使用函数 predict 并设置参数 interval = "prediction"
predict(m, newdata = preds, interval = "prediction")
11.20.3 讨论
这是 11.19 节的延续,它描述了将预测变量数据打包成一个数据框,然后调用函数
predict 进行预测。这里,添加参数 interval = "prediction" 以获得预测区间。
以下是 11.19 节中的示例,现在给出了预测区间。新的 lwr upr 列分别是区间的下限
和上限:
predict(m, newdata ...
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ISBN: 9787111656814