June 2020
Beginner to intermediate
522 pages
9h 6m
Chinese
Content preview from R 语言经典实例（原书第 2 版）
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图形
｜
287
2
0
-
2
10007505002500
x
samp
图 10-40：带平均值和 SD 带的图形
10.17 创建箱线图
10.17.1 问题
需要创建数据的箱线图。
10.17.2 解决方案
使用 ggplot 中的 geom_boxplot 函数将箱线图添加到 ggplot 图形中。使用先前方法
中的数据框 samp_df，我们可以创建数据框的 x 列中数值的箱线图。结果图如图 10-41
所示：
ggplot(samp_df) +
aes(y = samp) +
geom_boxplot()
10.17.3 讨论
箱线图提供了数据集的快速简便的可视化汇总：
•
中间的粗线是中位数。
•
中位数周围的方框表示第一和第三四分位数；箱线图中间盒子的底是 Q1，盒子的顶
部是 Q3。
•
方框上方和下方的“胡须”显示除去异常值外的数据范围。
288
｜
第
10
章
samp
2
0
-
2
-
0.4
-
0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4
图 10-41：单个箱线图
•
圆圈代表异常值。默认情况下，异常值定义为偏离方框距离超过 1.5
×
IQR 的任何
值 。（ IQR 是
四分位距
，即 Q3-Q1。）在这个例子中，方框上部有一些异常值。
我们可以通过翻转坐标来旋转箱线图。在某些情况下，这会产生更具吸引力的图形，如 ...
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I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.