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R 语言经典实例(原书第 2 版)
book

R 语言经典实例(原书第 2 版)

by J.D. Long, Paul Teetor
June 2020
Beginner to intermediate
522 pages
9h 6m
Chinese
China Machine Press
Content preview from R 语言经典实例(原书第 2 版)
40
2
2.5.4 另请参阅
更多有关向量和其他数据结构的内容,请查看第 5 章的简介部分。
2.6 计算基本统计量
2.6.1 问题
使用 R 软件计算下列统计量:均值、中位数、标准差、方差、相关系数和协方差。
2.6.2 解决方案
采用如下函数进行计算,其中 xy 均为向量。
mean(x)
median(x)
sd(x)
var(x)
cor(x, y)
cov(x, y)
2.6.3 讨论
当你第一次使用 R 时,可能会打开文档,并开始搜索名为“标准差的计算程序”的材料,
并且认为这样一个重要的主题可能需要整整一章进行介绍。
实际上这并不复杂。
R 软件中,标准差和其他基本统计量能够通过简单的函数计算。一般来说,函数参数是
数值向量,函数返回计算的统计量:
x <- c(0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34)
mean(x)
#> [1] 8.8
median(x)
#> [1] 4
sd(x)
#> [1] 11
var(x)
#> [1] 122
其中 sd 函数计算样本标准差,var 函数计算样本方差。
基础知识
41
cor cov 函数分别计算两个向量之间的相关系数和协方差:
x <- c(0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34) ...
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ISBN: 9787111656814