March 2023
Intermediate
240 pages
7h 3m
Japanese
Content preview from 図解まるわかり 電池のしくみ
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214
化学反応なしに電気をためて
活用する蓄電装置①
6-8
コンデンサ、誘電分極、電気二重層、電気二重層キャパシタ
電気をためる蓄電装置コンデンサ
コンデンサは、電池と同じく、電気を蓄えたり、放出したりする機能を
持っていて、多くの電子機器に組み込まれています。コンデンサの構造
は、基本的に2 つの電気を通す金属板で、電気を通さない絶縁体（6-3）
をはさんだものです。
コンデンサに外部電極から電気を流すと、絶縁体には流れず、2 つの電
極板に負電荷の電子と正電荷の正孔がたまります。これらの電子に引き寄
せられ、絶縁体の両端にも電子が集まり、結果として電子がたまっている
ような状態になります。これは誘電分極と呼ばれ、外部電極から電気を流
すのを止めても保持されます（図6-17）。また回路に電球をつけると、電
気は流れて放電します。
このようにコンデンサは、化学的な反応を起こさず、直接電気をため
て、必要なときに取り出すことができる蓄電装置なのです。
コンデンサと同じ現象を作り出す
電解質に、その電解質に溶けない2 つの金属板を入れて電気を流すと、
コンデンサのように誘電分極が起きます。例えば負極電極と電解液の界面
では、電極側に負電荷の電子、電解液側に電解質中の陽イオンが引き寄せ
られ、電荷の層ができます。これが電気二重層と呼ばれるものです（図
6-18）。また正極界面でも同様に、誘電分極により正電荷の正孔と陰イオ
ンが引き寄せられて、電気二重層が形成されます。
このように電池の化学反応が起こらないような材料を用いた電極と電解 ...
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I wanted to learn C and C++, but it didn't click for me until I picked up an O'Reilly book. When I went on the O’Reilly platform, I was astonished to find all the books there, plus live events and sandboxes so you could play around with the technology.Addison B.
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I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.