March 2023
Intermediate
240 pages
7h 3m
Japanese
Content preview from 図解まるわかり 電池のしくみ
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130
金属リチウムを使わない
という選択
リチウムイオン電池、金属リチウム、吸蔵
4-1
スマートフォンから電 気自動 車まで
二次電池の中でも、2019 年のノーベル化学賞に輝くリチウムイオン電
池（LIB）は、今では私たちの生活に欠かせない存在です。1991年に日本
が世界で初めて商品化して以降、スマートフォンやノートPCの小型化を
進め、最近では電気自動車において最重要技術です（図4-1）。
金属リチウムを使った二次電池
すでに1950 年代には、負極電極に金属リチウムを用いた、充電できな
いリチウム一次電池（2-11）は登場しています。これを二次電池に進化
させる研究開発が1970 年代アメリカで進められ、1987 年にはカナダで携
帯電話用に、二硫化モリブデン・リチウム電池として商品化されました。
しかしこの電池は、負極に用いた金属リチウムからのデンドライト（3-
12）の成長による発火事故を起こしたことから、普及しませんでした。
この事故以降も、デンドライトの問題は解決されておらず、金属リチウム
を使った二次電池の商品化は現在まで実現していません。
金属を使わないという選択
そこで登場したのが、金属リチウムではなく、リチウムイオンを用いる
という選択でした（図4-2）。ニッケル水素電池（3-13）では、負極電極
の水素吸蔵合金のすき間に水素が出たり、入ったりする（吸蔵する）性質
を利用していました。これと同様に、リチウムイオンが入り込めるすき間
を持った材料を負極活物質に用いて、リチウムイオンを吸蔵するというし ...
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I wanted to learn C and C++, but it didn't click for me until I picked up an O'Reilly book. When I went on the O’Reilly platform, I was astonished to find all the books there, plus live events and sandboxes so you could play around with the technology.Addison B.
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I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.