March 2023
Intermediate
240 pages
7h 3m
Japanese
Content preview from 図解まるわかり 電池のしくみ
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154
チタン酸リチウム、チタン酸系リチウムイオン電池
黒鉛以外の負極活物質を用いた
リチウムイオン電池
4-13
再評価されたチタン酸リチウム
大半のリチウムイオン電池の負極活物質には黒鉛（4-2）が用いられて
いますが、チタン酸リチウムを用いた二次電池も登場しています。
スピネル型の結晶を持つチタン酸リチウムは、リチウムをインターカレ
ーション反応できるのですが、負極活物質に用いた場合の電圧の低さから
注目されていませんでした。しかし結晶格子が強固で、インターカレーシ
ョン反応による変形が生じないので、充放電が安定し、サイクル寿命が長
くなります。さらに金属リチウムの析出がほとんどなく、デンドライトの
発生の心配がありません。
両極にスピネル型を使用
チタン酸系リチウムイオン電池（LTO）で最も普及しているのは、2008
年に日本で商品化されたSCiBです（図 4-25）。これは負極活物質にチタ
ン酸リチウム、正極活物質にスピネル型結晶構造のマンガン酸リチウム
（4-8）を用いています（図4-26）。
安全性が高く、低温での作動や急速充電が可能であることから、ハイブ
リッド車や大規模蓄電システムに採用されました。
しかしチタン酸リチウムは絶縁体なので、伝導性をよくするための炭素
コーティングが必要となり、製造コストが高くなります。
チタン酸リチウムを負極に用いた電池
SCiB以外のチタン酸系リチウムイオン電池には、正極活物質にコバル
ト酸リチウムを用いた、コバルト・チタン・リチウム二次電池が実用化さ
れています。またリン酸鉄リチウム、三元系材料、リチウム・ニッケル・ ...
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I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.