March 2023
Intermediate
240 pages
7h 3m
Japanese
Content preview from 図解まるわかり 電池のしくみ
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60
二酸化マンガンリチウム電池、インサイドアウト構造、スパイラル構造
家電機器用電源で
大活躍中の電池
2-12
代表的なリチウム一次電池
リチウム一次電池の中で最もよく使われているのが、1978 年に登場し
た二酸化マンガンリチウム電池です。その構造は、負極および負極活物質
にリチウム、正極活物質に不純物を含まない電解二酸化マンガン、正極の
集電体にアルミニウム棒、電解質は四フッ化ホウ酸リチウムなどを含む有
機溶媒液です。
負極ではリチウムが電解質に溶け出し、酸化反応が起こり、正極ではマ
ンガンの+4 価から+3価へ還元反応が起こります。二酸化マンガンリチウ
ム電池は、公称電圧3Vと高く、しかも放電末期まで一定を維持し、室温
時でも約10 年間保存ができます。
負極：Li→Li
＋
+e
正極：MnO
2
+Li
＋
+e
→MnOOLi
いろんな形状で活躍中
二酸化マンガンリチウム電池の形状は、コイン形と円筒形があります。
コイン形には多くの種類が発売されており、酸化銀電池の価格高騰後、優
れた代替品として注目を集め、今ではPC、電子辞書、デジカメなど広く
使われています。円筒形には、インサイドアウト構造とスパイラル構造の
2 種類があります。
インサイドアウト構造は、アルカリ乾電池のように、正極の物質が負極
の物質を包み込んだ構造です（図2-26）。電池内部に多くの物質を格納で
きるので電気容量が大きく、長時間使用が可能です。主にガスメーターや
火災報知器、計測器、ETCなどに使われています。
スパイラル構造は、薄型のシート状の正・負極で、セパレータをはさん ...
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I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.