Strategic Management: A Competitive Advantage Approach, Concepts and Cases, 16/e
by Fred R. David, Forest R. David
History
IBM began business in the 1800s with the Tabulating Machine Company, the International Time Recording Company, and the Computing Scale Company of America, all independently operating separately as distinct corporations. In 1911, the merger of these firms was completed, creating the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company; the name was changed to International Business Machines (IBM) in 1924. IBM has worked diligently in the last decade to shift resources and strategy away from manufacturing into service industries. For example, IBM acquired SPSS and Cognos (data analytics software) in 2009 for $1.2 billion. IBM plans to keep its high-end server business, which is less prone to commoditization by other firms’ products.
In 2013, IBM acquired ...
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